Publication Ethics

Sholihan: Journal of Islamic Religious Education (SJIRE) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and academic integrity. The journal follows internationally recognized principles of responsible scholarly publishing, including the guidelines of COPE, and expects all authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher to uphold ethical standards throughout the submission, peer-review, editorial, and publication processes.

EIRE does not tolerate plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, duplicate publication, unethical authorship practices, manipulation of the peer-review process, or other forms of academic misconduct.

1. Ethical Responsibilities of Authors

Authors are responsible for ensuring that submitted manuscripts meet the highest standards of academic and research integrity.

Authors must:

Submit original work that has not been previously published and is not under consideration by another journal.
Ensure that all data presented in the manuscript are accurate and honestly reported.
Not engage in fabrication, falsification, manipulation, or selective reporting of research data.
Properly acknowledge and cite all sources, ideas, theories, data, and quotations obtained from other works.
Avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism.
Ensure that all individuals listed as authors have made substantial contributions to the research or manuscript.
Obtain approval from all co-authors before submitting the manuscript.
Disclose relevant conflicts of interest.
Disclose sources of financial support or funding, where applicable.
Obtain appropriate ethical approval and informed consent when required by the research design.
Protect the privacy, confidentiality, and rights of research participants.
Cooperate with the editor during the review and revision process.
Promptly inform the editor if a significant error is discovered in a submitted or published article.

Authors remain responsible for the content, accuracy, originality, and integrity of their manuscripts.

2. Plagiarism and Academic Misconduct

EIRE considers plagiarism and other forms of academic misconduct serious violations of publication ethics.

Plagiarism includes, but is not limited to:

Copying another person's words without appropriate citation.
Presenting another person's ideas or findings as one's own.
Reusing substantial portions of previously published work without proper acknowledgment.
Excessive self-plagiarism.
Submitting substantially similar manuscripts to multiple journals.

The journal may use plagiarism or similarity-detection software as part of the editorial screening process.

Where suspected misconduct is identified, the journal may conduct an investigation and take appropriate action, including rejection, withdrawal, correction, or retraction of an article.

3. Duplicate and Simultaneous Submission

Authors must not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal at the same time.

Manuscripts that have already been published, in whole or in substantial part, should not be submitted to EIRE unless the editor has explicitly agreed to consider the work under an appropriate secondary-publication arrangement.

4. Authorship and Contribution

Authorship must reflect genuine contributions to the research and manuscript.

All listed authors should have:

Made a substantial contribution to the conception, design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or other substantive aspects of the research.
Participated in drafting or critically revising the manuscript.
Approved the final version of the manuscript.
Agreed to be accountable for the integrity of the work.

Individuals who do not meet authorship criteria should not be listed as authors.

Any request to add, remove, or change the order of authors after submission must be justified and approved by all affected authors.

5. Responsibilities of Editors

Editors are responsible for ensuring that manuscripts are evaluated fairly, objectively, and professionally.

Editors must:

Evaluate manuscripts based on academic quality, originality, relevance, and scholarly contribution.
Treat submitted manuscripts as confidential documents.
Ensure that editorial decisions are not influenced by the authors' nationality, gender, institutional affiliation, religion, ethnicity, political views, or other personal characteristics.
Select appropriate and independent reviewers.
Maintain the confidentiality of the peer-review process.
Address suspected cases of plagiarism and academic misconduct appropriately.
Avoid conflicts of interest in editorial decisions.
Provide authors with clear and constructive editorial decisions.
Ensure that published content meets the journal's academic and ethical standards.
Correct or retract published articles when serious errors or misconduct are identified.

Editors must not use unpublished information from submitted manuscripts for their own research or professional advantage.

6. Responsibilities of Reviewers

Reviewers play an important role in maintaining the academic quality and integrity of EIRE.

Reviewers must:

Conduct reviews objectively and constructively.
Maintain the confidentiality of manuscripts.
Evaluate manuscripts based on academic merit and relevance.
Provide clear and evidence-based comments.
Identify relevant published work that has not been appropriately cited.
Inform the editor of any suspected plagiarism, duplicate publication, data manipulation, or other ethical concerns.
Decline the review if they lack sufficient expertise or cannot complete the review within the required timeframe.
Declare any potential conflict of interest.
Not use unpublished information obtained during peer review for personal or professional purposes.

Reviewers should not contact authors directly regarding the manuscript under review.

7. Conflicts of Interest

All authors, editors, and reviewers must disclose any relationship or circumstance that could influence or appear to influence the objectivity of the research, review, or editorial decision.

Potential conflicts may include:

Financial relationships.
Institutional affiliations.
Personal relationships.
Professional relationships.
Academic competition.
Funding relationships.
Other interests that could compromise impartiality.

When a conflict of interest exists, the relevant individual should withdraw from the process where appropriate.

8. Research Ethics

Research involving human participants must comply with applicable ethical standards and institutional requirements.

Where applicable, authors should provide information concerning:

Ethical approval.
Informed consent.
Participant confidentiality.
Data protection.
Institutional permission.

For research involving vulnerable participants or sensitive personal information, authors must take additional measures to protect participants' rights and welfare.

9. Data and Reproducibility

Authors should maintain appropriate research records and supporting data.

Where ethically and legally possible, authors are encouraged to make relevant research data, instruments, materials, or analytical procedures available to support transparency and reproducibility.

Authors must not fabricate or falsify research data or research documentation.

10. Artificial Intelligence and Generative AI

The use of artificial intelligence and generative AI tools must not compromise academic integrity, originality, confidentiality, or research ethics.

AI tools may be used for limited purposes such as language editing, grammar improvement, translation assistance, or technical support.

AI systems must not be listed as authors, because they cannot take responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, or ethical aspects of scholarly work.

Authors remain fully responsible for all content submitted to the journal, including content produced or assisted by AI tools. Where substantial use of generative AI has occurred, authors should disclose such use in accordance with the journal's policy.

11. Corrections and Retractions

EIRE is committed to maintaining the integrity of the published scholarly record.

If significant errors are identified after publication, the journal may publish a correction, clarification, or retraction, depending on the nature and severity of the issue.

Articles may be retracted when there is clear evidence of serious problems such as:

Fabricated or falsified data.
Plagiarism.
Serious ethical violations.
Duplicate publication.
Major errors that invalidate the findings.
Other forms of significant publication misconduct.

Retraction decisions are made by the editorial team after appropriate assessment and, where necessary, consultation with relevant parties.

12. Complaints and Appeals

Authors may submit legitimate complaints or appeals regarding editorial decisions or publication procedures.

Complaints should be submitted through the journal's official communication channels and should provide sufficient information to allow the editorial team to investigate the matter fairly.

The journal will handle complaints and appeals objectively, confidentially, and as promptly as reasonably possible.

13. Editorial Independence

Editorial decisions are based on the academic quality, originality, relevance, and integrity of submitted manuscripts.

The publisher does not interfere with editorial decisions or the independent judgment of editors and reviewers.

14. Ethical Oversight

Sholihan: Journal of Islamic Religious Education (SJIRE) reserves the right to investigate suspected ethical violations occurring before, during, or after publication.

When necessary, the journal may request clarification, supporting documentation, research records, ethical approval information, or other relevant evidence from authors, reviewers, institutions, or other appropriate parties.

The journal may follow internationally recognized publication-ethics principles and procedures when handling allegations of misconduct